PRESENTATION
REALITY
Students carry out necropsies (do) in their practices, but solve few necropsies (with the data of the necropsy achieve a solution) besides the ones they execute. When they solve a necropsy they do it in a slow and few integrated fashion. It’s hard for them to see that a large length necropsy as a global process where all data should be integrated on a final report. Clinical Veterinaries in their daily practice carry out few necropsies. Professors have the general idea that these professionals think in necropsies as a time taking and experience needed procedure, if you want to get any valuable information. This causes that people doesn’t take advantage of the diagnostic power of this procedure, wish is relatively simple and only needs some technical expertise and a careful methodology.
GENERAL APPROACH TO THE PROBLEM
How to get the students to solve more necropsies than those they carry out during their practices (once a week)? How to fit into the education-learning processes of the students the idea that necropsy is a valuable, fast and relatively easy procedure so that they can take full advantage of it when clinicals?
WHAT DO WE WANT WITH NECROTIC´S?
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVS Improve the learning process of the pathology by the execution of necropsies. Two aspects are important on the conceptual point of view. · I.- CORRECT TECHNIQUE: execution of a necropsy with a correct technique, on a systematic and orderly way so that one can find and recognize any changes. · II.- APPROPRIATE DATA ANALISYS: correct interpretation of the data obtained on a necropsy (executed by the student himself or by third-parties). In a correct interpretation we include two aspects: II.a: the conclusions of the necropsy should be appropriate. II.B: the conclusions of the necropsy have to be obtained in a reasonable and limited time, as it will be in their future professional life (contextualization principle). GENERAL OBJECTIVS - TRANSVERSE · Enhance the capacity of our students to move in a mass information environment (many bibliographic references, books, online magazines, pictures, etc.) · Improve the analysis capacity on the received information. · Improve the knowledge and computer based capabilities needed on an everyday more technological society. · Perfect the students’ capacity to collaborate with others in complex tasks.
LOGISTICAL PROBLEMS
Students have a limited time for the learning process of a execution / interpretation of a necropsy. It would be hypothetically ideal that students carried out (executed and interpreted) themselves all the necropsies the Faculty could provide. This situation is not feasible as it is physically impossible that all students could execute all necropsies. · As a principle one can only execute one general necropsy on a single animal. · Students have a limited time to learn. · The number of necropsies executed per year is too high. Besides this factors, professors have realized that students take time on executing a full necropsy. This process can take between one or two hours. Students end up building skill and agility but there are still two problems on their final learning process: 1. When they finish a necropsy they lack the clear idea that a necropsy is a single process. If one asks them the final result it’s hard for them to integrate all data found together with the given medical records. They do not have a global view of the process. 2. Students finally grow to think that necropsying an animal requires a large amount of time. This will eventually diminish the number of necropsies executed in all animals by the students, in the future. Professors think that students should realize that executing a necropsy is not only execute it technically; it has to be executed and interpreted in a reasonable time. The profitability of the time factor is used as a fundamental idea that students should internalize under the penalty of not being able to execute necropsies in a normal basis – because of the economical costs of taking so much time in performing this process. On a pedagogical point of view it is not acceptable that a student knows how to correctly perform a necropsy if too much time and resources where used. The concept of pedagogical profitability and the efficiency of a formative program basis itself on a minimum amount of necropsies performed by the student during its formative period in order to obtain the abilities, skills, capacities and knowledge to carry out autonomously a necropsy – technically (abilities and skills) and with an adecuate analysis over the results obtained (knowledge). All of this executed without expending resources, time, effort or money (efficiency). In summary one should show that has mastered the knowledge and competences needed to carry out the professional task of a necropsy.
	ACTUATION DIAGRAM
	SPECIFIC OBJETIVS	WAY OF GETTING THESE OBJECTIVS
	I.- CORRECT TECHNIQUE: execution of a necropsy with a correct technique, on a systematic and orderly way so that one can find and recognize any changes.	I.- CORRECT TECHNIQUE: to accomplish this objective the students will perform physically real necropsies on their respective period of practices on their different Faculties. They will be performed in a methodic, orderly, structured way, with digital pictures and illustrative videos and with an appropriate description of the parameters that cannot be explicitly demonstrated (for example consistency, temperature, etc.).
	II.a. - APPROPRIATE DATA ANALISYS: correct interpretation of the data obtained on a necropsy (executed by the student himself or by third-parties).	II.a.- APPROPRIATE DATA ANALISYS: to accomplish this objective the students will solve their own necropsies and online necropsies (with reports, pictures and the necessary videos) performed by third-parties, veterinaries, professors or, mainly, by other students.
	II.b.- Profitability of the time used on a necropsy.	II.b.- The online system of necropsies shows the images on a limited time. The student has to decide in this limited time if what he is seeing is normal or not. The time limit is a key factor for the student to assimilate the profitability concept of the veterinary practice, and its part of the learning factor on the online system.
	TRANSVERSE OBJECTIVS- GENERAL
	Enhance the capacity of our students to move in a mass information environment (many bibliographic references, books, online magazines, pictures, etc.)	Necropsies performed with the purpose of teaching third-parties. Will be performed in a methodic, orderly, structured way, with many pictures and illustrative videos and with an appropriate description of the parameters that cannot be explicitly demonstrated (for example consistency, temperature, etc.). The changes will be documented with the necessary bibliography. (books, magazines or online references)
	Improve the analysis capacity on the received information.	1.- The students that perform a necropsy: receive a lot of information during its execution (changes, images of normality, of abnormality, etc.) but should synthesize, analyze and decide what information is important enough to write an online report (online necropsies) that lets a third-party solve a necropsy performed by other than himself. 2.- The students that solve the necropsy possesses many pictures, data and videos and should decide which ones are normal and which ones are not normal and with this should issue a clinical opinion.
	Improve the knowledge and computer based capabilities needed on an everyday more technological society.	The students that perform the necropsy should share the necropsy over the online necropsy system (text, pictures, videos and linked information) with a minimal autonomy on computer basis at the user level.
	Perfect the student’s capacity to collaborate with others in complex tasks.	Every necropsy performing task and development of an online report should be done by a group of students that will be responsible of all the process. The remaining groups that did NOT performed the necropsy should be responsible on SOLVING it as the formative process is extremely under efficient on terms of time and dedicated effort.